Volume 25, 5, 2006
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Volume 25, 5, 2006 |
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V.V. Naumova. The status and prospects
for development of geoinformatics in geological sciences in the Russian Far East
3
GIS in geological investigations
V.V. Naumova, R.M. Miller, W.J. Nokleberg, M.I. Patuk, M.Yu.
Kapitanchuk, A.I. Khanchuk, S.M. Rodionov. GIS “Mineral resources,
mineralogenesis, and tectonics of Northeast Asia” 8
S.V. Voroshin, A.S. Zinkevich, Ye.E. Tyukova. Regional
geoinformation systems for geologic investigations: creation and analysis
experience 22
V.V. Anikin, S.V. Voroshin. Integration of
chronological data bases and GIS for analysis of evolution of magmatism in
Northeast Asia 39
A.N. Petrov, I.N. Goryachev, S.M. Lyamin. Geometric
models of geological structures, and geoinformation systems 51
A.V. Kostin, A.S. Goltsova, M.S. Lysenko, T.V. Trufakina.
Application of GIS for prediction of noble metal ore clusters of West
Verkhoyanye (East Yakutia) 62
Information systems for geology
A.A. Sorokin. Complex information system of work with
the “Geofond” fund geological materials 72
Monitoring of natural systems
A.N. Chetyrbotsky. Monitoring of conditions of
multicomponent objects in geoinformation systems 81
V.I. Sinyukov , V.A. Glukhov, Ye.P. Maeva, O.V. Pybas.
Geoinformation technologies in social-and-ecological monitoring of the zone
affected by the Bureya hydroelectric power station. 88
N.V. Berdnikov, V.L. Rapoport, O.V. Rybas, T.I. Pelykh, G.F.
Zolotukhina, V.Ye. Zazulina. Monitoring of the
Amur River ecosystem pollution resulting from the accident at the chemical plant
in Jilin (China): nitrobenzene 94
Analysis of geological fields
I.Yu. Rasskazov. Numerical simulation of the
present-day tectonic stress field in the Central Asia and Pacific belts junction
area 104
B.A. Kazansky. Bathymetric analysis of the Pacific
Ocean based on the ÅÒÎÐÎ 2' digital data 115
V.V. Naumova
The status and prospects for development of geoinformatics in geological
sciences in the Russian Far East
The paper offers the definition of geoinformatics as an independent scientific
trend, and the main fields of investigation of geoinformatics are cited. The
status of investigations in the field of geoinformatics in geological sciences
in specialized divisions of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of
Sciences is described. The prospects for joint investigations in these divisions
are outlined.
V.V.
Naumova, R.M. Miller, W.J. Nokleberg, M.I. Patuk, M.Yu. Kapitanchuk, A.I.
Khanchuk, S.M. Rodionov
GIS “Mineral resources, mineralogenesis, and tectonics of Northeast Asia”
GIS “Mineral resources, mineralogenesis, and tectonics of Northeast Asia”
implemented on the basis of the suggested concept and technology of establishing
regional geological GIS carries out storage, processing, access, representation,
and distribution of cartographical and attributive information on the geological
objects of East and South Siberia, southern part of the Russian Far East,
Mongolia, Northeast China, Korea, and Japan. The system offers the user an
opportunity for muli-criteria retrieval requests, including those for
cartographical to attributive information, and vice versa. GIS allows an
analysis of interrelations and interdependencies between geodynamic, mineral,
mineral resources-related, and metallogenic data, which permits the geologists
to obtain new information on tectonic and metallogenic characteristics and their
evolution for Northeast Asia.
S.V. Voroshin, A.S. Zinkevich, Ye.E. Tyukova
Regional geoinformation systems for geologic investigations: creation and
analysis experience
The paper offers the results of the development and application of the regional
geological and mineral resources GIS compiled at the GIS laboratory of the
North-East Integrated Research Institute, FEB RAS, to conduct research
throughout Northeast Russia: GIS regarding geology and mineral resources of the
Upper Kolyma region; geology and mineral resources of the Anmandykan and Kubaka
mineral districts; geology of the Kolyma-Omolon region; gold placer deposits of
the Central Kolyma region; mineral resources of the Magadan municipal district;
geology of the Okhotsk-Kolyma region; and geology of Northeast Russia. The
initial maps were of different scale: 1:50000 to 1:1500000. Three principal
aspects of geological GIS application in the Magadan region are discussed: (1)
maps or atlases preparation; (2) reference systems; and (3) analysis and
modeling. The third aspect is most important for prospecting and forecast.
Besides the quality of the initial geological information it is important to
focus attention on the genetic models of formation of particular mineralization
types for spatial analysis and modeling. In future we plan to combine regional
GIS with other information resources and to create E-atlases to be accessed
through Internet.
V.V. Akinin, S.V. Voroshin
Integration of chronological data bases and GIS for analysis of evolution of
magmatism in Northeast Asia
The first variant of the regional computer system integrating the
geochronological data base GEOCHRON and GIS on the geology of Northeast Russia
is offered. The current state of the data bases is discussed with constraints on
some isotope dating methods and recommendations for collecting data. Some
potentialities for the use of integrated information are demonstrated as
exemplified by investigation of evolution of magmatic activity in the whole
region, assessment of volcanic activity in the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt,
and analysis of the density of spatial distribution of granitoids and gold
deposits in the Yana-Kolyma gold-bearing belt.
A.N. Petrov,
I.N. Goryachev, S.M. Lyamin
Geometric models of geological structures, and geoinformation systems
The problems of construction and analysis of geometric models of geological
structures are discussed. The approach to the creation of geometric models in
the form of surface communities, and its particular realization involving the
method of construction and analysis of lines of strike are described. The
results of application of the programs that realize this method are offered for
the study of some geological objects of Northeast Russia. Great attention is
paid to the necessity of entering primary data into the geoinformation systems.
These primary data include measurements of elements of occurrence.
A.V. Kostin, A.S. Goltsova, M.S. Lysenko, T.V.
Trufakina
Application of GIS for prediction of noble metal ore clusters of West
Verkhoyanye (East Yakutia)
A concept of applying GIS technologies for prediction of noble metal ore
clusters has been developed as exemplified by ore formations of West Verkhoyanye
(East Yakutia). The GIS project is based on a geological model of ore clusters
which describes spatial distribution of type ore formations. GIS analysis
permitted outlining of the areas which hold the potential for the discovery of
new noble metal ore clusters.
A.A. Sorokin
Complex information system of work with the “Geofond” fund geological materials
The paper presents information on the work conducted on design and development
of complex information system of work with the “Geofond” fund geological
materials. The developed program components make it possible to provide a new
approach to processing, classification, storage and access to fund data using
modern information technologies.
A.N. Chetyrbotsky
Monitoring of conditions of multicomponent objects in geoinformation systems
Approaches for the solution of problems of revealing conditions of objects are
considered which are specified by samples of multivariate observations.
Application of the approaches is illustrated by the solution of typical problems.
The results obtained and the suggested techniques can be used for investigation
of real objects in geology, oceanography, and in other applied fields.
V.I. Sinyukov, V.A. Glukhov, Ye.P. Maeva, O.V.
Pybas
Geoinformation technologies in social-and-ecological monitoring of the zone
affected by the Bureya hydroelectric power station.
Application of GIS technologies is described which involves geoinformation
support and accompaniment of work on social-and-ecological monitoring of the
zone affected by the Bureya hydroelectric power station. A system of digital
topographic and special topical maps of three scale levels has been developed.
The maps were used for data mapping, analysis and integration covering all the
aspects of monitoring: the level of a reservoir filling, aquatic environment,
animal world, ichthyology, soils, vegetation, and meteorological observations.
N.V. Berdnikov, V.L. Rapoport,
O.V. Rybas, T.I. Pelykh, G.F. Zolotukhina, V.Ye. Zazulina
Monitoring of the Amur River ecosystem
pollution resulting from the accident at the chemical plant in Jilin (China):
nitrobenzene
The results of monitoring of nitrobenzene content in the Amur River
ecosystem are summarized after the November 13, 2006 accident at the chemical
plant in Jilin (China). Nitrobenzene was analyzed in water, ice pack, fish, and
bed material both during the passage of the pollution front and after it aimed
at prediction of pollution consequences.
It is
shown that the nitrobenzene concentration at the confluence of the Songhua and
Amur rivers was higher than the maximum permissible value for drinking water
(0.2 mg/l). Downstream, along the whole interval of monitoring, it exceeded the
permissible concentration for fish-farming reservoirs (0.01 mg/l) by 2–20 times,
and only downstream from Komsomolsk-na-Amure it dropped to safe values. In
accordance with the distribution of water streams, the area of nitrobenzene
pollution at the stretch from Nizhneleninskoye Settlement to Nizhnespasskoye
Settlement moved along the right bank of the Amur River; in the Nizhnespasskoye
Settlement – Khabarovsk area it shifted to the left bank. Downstream, there was
intense mixing and fragmentation of the pollution area. No nitrobenzene was
registered in the ice pack or bed material, while in the fish its concentrations
were as high as 0.026 mg/l. The detection of nitrobenzene in the fish caught
prior to the pollution argues for the fact that the described pollution was not
a single case, i.e., nitrobenzene was in the Amur waters before its discharge
from the Songhua.
I.Yu. Rasskazov
Numerical simulation of the present-day tectonic
stress field in the Central Asia and Pacific belts junction area
The problem of numerical modeling of the
present-day regional stress field in complex geodynamic and seismic conditions
of the Central Asia and Pacific belts junction area is considered. An approach
is suggested allowing assessment at a first approximation of the character of
the regional stress field to be taken into consideration in geodynamic
investigations at deposits of the region dangerous in terms of mine shocks.
Questions pertaining to the complication of the calculated model at subsequent
stages of investigations are discussed.
B.A. Kazansky
Bathymetric analysis of the Pacific Ocean based on
the ÅÒÎÐÎ 2' digital data
New results of the statistical analysis of the
depths distribution in the Pacific Ocean based on the ÅÒÎÐÎ 2´ digital data are
presented in the form of cumulative and differential bathymetric curves and
surfaces with an interval of 100 m in depth for the whole ocean and for its
different parts, and also for 5° latitudinal and 10° longitudinal zones. An
extreme diversity and absence of correlation of types of depths distributions
for latitudinal zones is noted. Two styles of evolution of relief of the Pacific
Ocean floor are recognized which correspond to Mesozoic and Cenozoic oceanic
crust, both distinguished by the character of distribution of depths and
determining latitudinal and longitudinal asymmetry of the Pacific Ocean.