Òîì 31, 1, 2012 |
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V.G. Bykov, A.N. Didenko. Seismicity and present geodynamics problems of the Far East and Eastern Siberia. 3 L.P. Imaeva, V.S. Imaev, B.M. Koz’min. Seismogeodynamics of the Aldan-Stanovoy Block 5 E.A. Gorbunova, S.I. Sherman. Slow deformation waves in the lithosphere: Fixation, parameters, and geodynamic analysis (Central Asia) 18 V.A. Bormotov, T.V. Merkulova. Cenozoic stage of the evolution of the northern branches of the Tan-Lu-Okhotsk rift system: deep structure and seismogeodynamics 26 N.F. Vasilenko, A.S. Prytkov. Modeling of the lithosphere plates interaction in Sakhalin Island from GPS data 42 O.V. Lunina, A.S. Gladkov, A.A. Gladkov. Systematization of active faults for seismic hazard estimation 49 G.Z. Gilmanova, B.F. Shevchenko, O.B. Rybas, Ye.Yu. Didenko, S.V. Golovey. Linear geologic structures of southern Aldan-Stanovoy Shield and the eastern part of the Central Asian folded belt in terms of the geodynamic aspect 61 G.I. Dolgikh. Instrumentation-program complexes of geodynamic monitoring 71 B.W. Levin, E.W. Sasorova. Seismoteñtonics and the Earth’s tides 80 I.N. Tikhonov. Pause of the silence before the great earthquakes of the Kurile-Kamchatka zone 88 V.A. Saltykov, Yu.A. Kugaenko. Near-surface dilatansy zones as possible reason of anomalies in the parameters of seismic emission before strong earthquakes 96 Chronicles G.L. Kirillova. Key problems of the Cretaceous geology at the 6th International symposium “Cretaceous paleoclimates of Asia and their global correlation” 107 Jubilees The 95th birth anniversary of Yuri M. Pushcharovsky 110 Chudaev O. V. (65th birth anniversary) 111 L.P. Imaeva, V.S. Imaev, B.M. Kozmin Seismogeodynamics of the Aldan-Stanovoy block As a result of combined geological-structural, seismological, seismotectonic, and geodesic (including GPS) studies of the Aldan-Stanovoy block new data were obtained on its geodynamic and present-day structural-tectonic settings as well as on the relationships in the structure formation of active faults in the heterogenous tectonic stresses field due to the interaction of the Eurasian and Amur lithospheric plates in the southern East Siberia (Transbaikalia), South Yakutia, and Priamurye. Key words: seismicity, seismotectonics, GPS-studies, Amur and Eurasian lithospheric plates. E.A. Gorbunova, S.I. Sherman Slow deformation waves in the lithosphere: Fixation, parameters, and geodynamic analysis (Central Asia) Methods are offered to fix deformation waves and their phase (vector) velocities assessment from monitoring of earthquakes in the areas of active dynamic effect of the rupture. Active faults of Central Asia were classified from vector velocities of deformation waves. On the basis of the complex parameters of active at present faults and vector velocities, geodynamic zoning of Central Asia has been accomplished. This opens up new possibilities to detail study of geodynamic parameters of extensive tectonically active in the Cenozoic intracontinental structures. Key words: active faults, seismicity, earthquakes, deformation waves, geodynamic zones, geodynamic analysis, Central Asia. V.A. Bormotov, T.V. Merkulova Cenozoic stage of the evolution of the northern branch of the Tan-Lu-Okhotsk rift system: deep structure and seismogeodynamics The paper considers the specific features of the geological structure, geodynamics, and seismicity of the Tan-Lu-Okhotsk rift system, which includes a number of basins, among them Bohaiwan, Liaohe, Khanka, Middle Amur, and Lower Amur basins. Along with general structural regularities typical for rift zones, in the basins were revealed discrepancies both in deep structure and physical parameters of the upper Earth’s crust: in the stress-strain properties distribution also affecting the seismicity level. It was established that the level and nature of seismicity in the Tan-Lu-Okhotsk rift system are largely related to local geodynamic conditions. Key words: rift system, seismic regime, deep structure, fault tectonics, ïðî÷íîñòíûå ñâîéñòâà, Tan-Lu-Okhotsk rift system. N.F. Vasilenko, A.S. Prytkov Modeling of the lithosphere plates interaction in Sakhalin Island from GPS data Recent geodynamics of Sakhalin Island is defined by the convergence of the Eurasian and North American lithosphere plates, which is manifested in high seismic activity of the island. Different models of lithosphere plates convergence were constructed using the inversion method of horizontal GPS velocities of the island Earth’s surface with account of regional geological particularities. This makes it possible to assess the depth of mechanical plate contacts zone and to determine plate convergence velocities for the southern, central and northern parts of the Sakhalin Island. Key words: horizontal velocities of the Earth’s surface deformations, GPS measurements, modeling, Sakhalin Island. O.V. Lunina, A.S. Gladkov, A.A. Gladkov Systematization of active faults for seismic hazard estimation Systematization of active faults based on the achievements of the scientists of the leading countries of the world in studying seismotectonics and seismic hazard problems is developed. The systematization is founded on theconcepts of fault-block structure of geologic-geophysical environment determined by interaction of differently directed active faults that are divided into two groups: seismogenerating and non-seismogenerating faults. Accumulated tectonic stresses in the zones of the seismogenerating faults are realized through strong earthquakes. Creep slips or short-period, pulsating and oscillating movements, attributable to local super-intensive crustal deformations (according to Yu.O. Kuz’min), occur in the zone of the non-seismogenerating faults. For a situation, when a strong earthquake occurs, subgroup of seismodistributing faults surrounding the seismic source and affecting the seismic wave propagation and therefore the peculiarities of expansion of the coseismic effects in the fault-block environment, is separated. Seismodistributing faults are divided into transitional and screening ones. Secondary coseismic effects (rockfalls, landslides, ground fractures, liquefaction and others) are increased along the former during an earthquake. In case of screening faults, an increase of coseismic effects can be observed within the nearest to the earthquake epicenter fault wing, while their intensity is substantially decreased in the opposite fault wing. Zones of earthquake source origination (ESO) that include areas of concentrated seismicity are related to the seismogenerating faults or their systems. Each earthquake source of an ESO zone is associated with the evolution of disjunctive system. The ESO zones also contain individual seismogenic sources – sources of strong earthquakes with M ? 5.5 in the form of ruptures that can be graphically demonstrated in 2D or 3D as a projection of the source on the surface. Depending on the type of data justifying the individual seismogenic sources, they are divided into geologic-geophysical and macroseismic ones. The present systematization is a theoretical basis and conception of relational database that is being developed by the authors as an information system to create seismotectonic projects within GIS-technologies required for a following seismic hazard analysis and estimation of probabilities of occurrence of macroseismic earthquake effects in a given place. Key words: active faults, seismogenerating structures, zone of earthquake source origination, seismogenic sources, relational database. G.S. Gilmanova, B.F. Shevchenko, O.V. Rybas, Ye.Yu. Didenko, S.V. Golovey Linear geological structures of the southern Aldan-Stanovoy Shield and eastern Central Asian fold belt: geodynamic aspect The analysis of linear geological structures of the conjunction zone of the Aldan-Stanovoy Shield and a fragment of the eastern part of the Central Asian fold belt has been fulfilled within the standard area (coordinates longitude 122-129°E and latitude 52-60°N), based on the Earth’s surface topography data and anomalous earth gravity field, which are presented as corresponding digital models. Application of a specific filter when analyzing a digital terrain model and further processing of the basic data by WinLessa program allowed new, supplementary information to be obtained on the studied area structure. As a result, a time succession of the geodynamic processes was determined in the system-forming zones of tectonic dislocations (Stanovoy and Mongol-Okhotsk), beginning from the Late Jurassic up to the present day. Key words: lineaments, geodynamics of the conjunction zones of the Eurasian and Amur plates. G.I. Dolgikh Instrumentation-program complexes of geodynamic monitoring The paper discusses technical features of the instrumentation-program complexes developed from the application of broadband seismographs, GPS/GLONASS-receivers, and laser deformographs to study the earth stress-deformation field variations which resulted in natural and anthropogenic disasters. Key words: geodynamic monitoring, broadband seismographs, laser deformographs. Levin B.W, Sasorova E.V. Seismoteñtonics and the Earth’s tides The results of the earthquake global distribution processing (more than 250000 events from ISC Catalog) and the moonquake distribution analysis (about 900 events from published sources) were presented. In both cases, the specific bimodal form of the distributions of the event number and released energy was revealed: typical maximum at the mid-latitudes, zero value in the polar cap areas, and a local minimum near equator. The analysis of possible influences of the tectonic processes on specific features of seismic event distribution was carried out. The role of the tides on the process of seismic activation in two symmetric zones located on both sides of the equator was shown. Key words: earthquakes, moonquakes, latitudinal distributions, tectonics, tides, the Earth’s rotation. I.N. Tikhonov Silence pauses before the great earthquakes of the Kuril-Kamchatka zone The characteristics of distributions of time origin differences of the successive earthquakes of the Kuril-Kamchatka zone including the area of Hokkaido Island were investigated in different-ranged magnitudes. Data of regional and world catalogues of the earthquakes over the past 20 years were taken for the analysis. As a result, a new medium-term foreshock effect – the silence pause observed before the strongest earthquakes was found. This foreshock is observed in a long-term (over 2-6 months) absence of the events with M ? 5.5 on this territory. For the prognosis aims the more stable parameter – the sum of three largest values of the time intervals between the earthquakes with M ? 5.0 in a sliding time window is proposed to use instead of the silence pauses. The prognostic informativity of this parameter was evaluated. Key words: earthquake, seismic center, time in the seismic focus, time differences in seismic foci, probabilistic distributions of time differences, silence pause, frequency of silence pauses, informativity of the foreshock, Kuril-Kamchatka Zone. V.A. Saltykov, Yu.A. Kugaenko Near-surface dilatancy zones as possible reason of anomalies in the parameters of seismic emission before strong earthquakes Based on mathematical modeling, we estimated the length of dilatancy zones, developed near the earth surface during precondition for an earthquake. An algorithm for evaluation of dilatancy zones was devised and applied practically for numerical simulation. Computational examples of the development of near-surface dilatancy zones before the Kamchatka earthquakes with M=6.7-7.8 are shown. Results of numerical simulation in the framework of the adopted assumptions can solve the problem of preparing earthquake source effect upon the distant limited area of microseismic data gathering: the model allows development of near-surface dilatancy zones in the vicinity of seismic noise station, which can lead to the appearance of foreshock anomalies. Key words: seismic emission, seismic noise, earthquake focus, dilatancy, Kamchatka. |